The fluid retention just prior to menses usually amounts to a pound or less of extracellular fluid collected in the dependent extremities and to a lesser degree in the breasts.

Mild to moderate degrees of fluid retention are usually tolerated with reassurance while more dramatic forms are often treated. BCPs, by blocking ovulation and the accompanying hormonal changes are very effective at blocking the fluid retention elements of bloating.

Alternatively, any diuretic can be used and generally has very dramatic, though very temporary effects. Used every other day for a few days, diuretics in reasonable doses will generally keep fluid retention to a minimum, but with some risk of salt imbalance. Used more frequently or for longer periods of time, the risks of electrolyte imbalance increase. In operational settings, the risks of diuretic therapy very often are greater than any potential benefits in other than very extreme cases.