INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following exercises by marking the lettered response that best answers the exercise, by completing the incomplete statement, or by writing the answer in the space(s) provided.
After you have completed all of these exercises, scroll to the bottom of this page and check your answers. For each exercise answered incorrectly, reread the material referenced with the solution.
1. at are the two sources of discomfort during childbirth?
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2. To evaluate the degree of pain experienced by the patient during childbirth, what areas are observed?
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3. Decreasing the intensity of pain and minimizing the degree to which the patient is bothered by pain are considered:
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4. In providing comfort measures to the patient during childbirth, why is the side lying position preferred?
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5. In minimizing the fear and pain and promoting positive family relationships, relaxation techniques includes breathing during contractions, concentration on the focal point, and effleurage to include the pelvic tilt and abdominal exercises, you are encouraging the use of:
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6. Analgesic medications taken during labor affects the fetus, mother, and:
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7. Analgesics are the most common form used in obstetrics today. They are:
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8. ________________________________ refers to a technique or medication that partially or completely eliminates sensation or feeling.
9. What are the two types of nerve-blocking anesthetics?
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10. List the regional anesthetics used in childbirth.
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11. Complete the following statements (nerve blocking anesthetics).
a. _______________________ produces anesthesia only in the area where injected.
b. An injection of a dilute local anesthetic into the paracervical nerve endings through the vagina is a ________________________ .
c. An injection of anesthetic agent directly into the spinal column to cause loss of sensation below the injection site is known as a _________ _____.
d. A __________________________ is administered just prior to delivery.
e. An injection of anesthetic agent in the peridural space through the sacral hiatus is known as a _____________________.
f. An injection of anesthetic agent on top of the dura space through the 3rd and 4th or 5th lumbar space is known as a ______________________.
12. What two regional anesthetics require frequent observation and must be administered by a physician?
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13. What are the disadvantages of using general anesthesia during childbirth?
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14. What are the two most frequent side effects that may occur to the obstetric patient receiving anesthesia?
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Lesson 04: Self-Test Answers
1. Visceral discomfort.
Perineal discomfort. (para 4-2)
2. What the mother says.
Patient’s response.
Facial expression.
Color of skin.
Blood pressure, pulse, and respirations.
Posture. (para 4-4)
3. Goals of nursing measures to minimize discomfort during childbirth. (para 4-5)
4. The side lying position is preferred because it increases placental flow. (para 4-6b(6))
5. Psychoprophylaxis. (para 4-6c)
6. Labor and delivery process. (para 4-6d)
7. Demerol ®.
Morphine ®.
Stadol ®.
Nubain ®.
Nisentil ®. (para 4-7a)
8. Anesthetic. (para 4-7b)
9. Local.
Regional. (paras 4-8a and b)
10. Paracervical block.
Pudendal block.
Saddle block (low spinal).
Caudal epidural.
Lumbar epidural. (para 4-8b)
11. a. Local. (para 4-8a)
b. Paracervical block. (para 4-8b(1))
c. Saddle block (low spinal). (para 4-8b(3))
d. Pudendal block. (para 4-8b(2))
e. Caudal. (para 4-8b(4))
f. Lumbar epidural. (para 4-8b(4))
12. Caudal and lumbal epidural. (para 4-8b(4)(e))
13. The patient is unable to participate.
It can cause fetal anesthesia, respiratory depression, and possible anoxia.
There is an increased risk of maternal aspiration.
There is the possibility of hemorrhaging. (para 4-9b)
14. Maternal hypotension.
Fetal bradycardia. (para 4-10b)