EXERCISES, LESSON 2
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following exercises by completing the incomplete statement or by writing the answer in the space provided at the end of the question.
After you have completed all of these exercises, turn to “Solutions to Exercises” at the end of the page and check your answers. For each exercise answered incorrectly, reread the material referenced with the solution.
1. The upper respiratory system is composed of the ____________________, ______________________________ ,and __________________________ .
2. The bronchioles terminate in the ___________________________.
3. The organ of respiration is the _____________________________.
4. The layer of serous membrane that lines the chest cavity is called the __________________ pleura.
5. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs is called ______________________.
6. The respiratory center is located in what part of the brain? _________________________________.
7. The exchange of gases between the capillary blood and the body cells is called _________________________________.
8. Air flows from an area of ______________________ to an area of _____________________.
9. When observing a patient’s respirations, you should note the __________, _________________, and __________________.
10. The procedure used to mobilize secretions and aid in lung expansion is called __________________________________.
11. Before and after percussion you should ________________________________.
12. An incentive spirometer is a device that stimulates the patient to __________________________________________________________.
13. A device that delivers precise, controlled concentrations of O2 by mixing O2 with room air is a ___________________________________.
14. Suctioning the trachea interferes with ___________________________.
15. A positive pressure breathing device which maintains respirations is called a(n) ______________________________
16. The purpose of thoracentesis is to _________________________________ _______________________________.
17. What should always be kept in the immediate area of a patient with a chest tube? _______________ or ________________.
18. When water-seal drainage is used without suction, drainage depends upon __________________ and _____________________.
19. When using suction with water-seal drainage, if the suction is turned off for any reason, you must _____________________.
20. When managing epistaxis, you should position the patient with the head ___________________.
21. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose is called ________________.
22. When giving artificial ventilation through a laryngectomy stoma, you must ______ _________________________________ if the patient is a partial neck breather.
23. List the three parts of a tracheostomy cannula set. ________________________, ____________________________, __________________.
24. Immediately prior to suctioning a tracheostomy, you should _________________ ____________________ to prevent shortness of breath.
25. Inflammation of the visceral and parietal pleura is called ___________________.
26. Collection of fluid in the pleural space is called __________________________.
27. Collapse of the alveoli is called __________________________.
28. ______________________ is the end result of unrelieved pulmonary congestion.
29. ____________________ is a substance secreted by some alveolar cells.
30. The most common cause of pulmonary edema is _________________________.
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 2
1. Nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea. (para 2-2b)
2. Alveoli (or final air spaces). (para 2-3e)
3. Lung. (para 2-3f)
4. Parietal. (para 2-3f)
5. External respiration. (para 2-4a)
6. Medulla. (para 2-5a)
7. Internal respiration. (para 2-4b)
8. Higher pressure; lower pressure. (para 2-5b)
9. Rate, rhythm, depth. (para 2-8b)
10. Percussion. (para 2-14)
11. Auscultate the patient’s lungs. (paras 2-10d, 2-16)
12. Achieve maximum voluntary lung expansion. (para 2-17)
13. Venturi mask. para 2-18d)
14. Oxygenation. (para 2-20a)
15. Mechanical ventilator. (para 2-22)
16. Withdraw fluid or air from the pleural cavity. (para 2-23a)
17. Hemostats or clamps. (para 2-24e)
18. Gravity; the mechanics of respiration. (para 2-25c(4))
19. Open the system to the atmosphere (create an air vent). (para 2-26a)
20. Forward. (para 2-27b)
21. Rhinitis (para 2-28)
22. Seal both the mouth and nose closed. (para 2-36d(4))
23. Inner cannula, outer cannula, obturator. (para 2-37b)
24. Hyper oxygenate the patient. (para 2-39b)
25. Pleurisy. (para 2-41)
26. Pleural effusion. (para 2-43)
27. Atelectasis. (para 2-43)
28. Pulmonary edema. (para 2-47)
29. Surfactant (para 2-3f)
30. Cardiac disease. (para 2-47)