Treating Fractures in the Field
Lesson 3: Traction Splints
3-2
3-2. PURPOSE OF A TRACTION SPLINT
The purpose of a traction splint is to immobilize and provide constant traction to the injured limb. The traction pulls the muscles of the thigh back to their normal length and allows the fractured femur to slip back into alignment.
a. The traction splint was developed by Sir Hugh Thomas, an orthopedic surgeon, who lived in Liverpool, England, during the 19th century. Traction splints used in the field include the Hare traction splint.
b. Traction splints are used only on the lower extremity, usually for a fracture of the femur. The traction places counter traction on the body. When traction is applied to the leg, the counter traction is applied against the bones of the pelvis. If the splint were to be applied to an arm, the splint would press against the axilla (armpit) region. Pressure in the axilla could damage blood vessels and nerves located in the region and seriously impair blood circulation.
