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First Aid for Soldiers FM 21-11

First Aid for Soldiers

Headquarters
Department of the Army,
Washington, D.C.,
October 27, 1988

*Table Of Contents

Change Page #1 Dated 28 August 1989

Change Page #2 Dated 4 December 1991

Preface

Chapter 1. Fundamental Criteria for First Aid

Section I. Evaluate Casualty

  1. 1-1. Casualty Evaluation (081-831-1000)

  2. 1-2. Medical Assistance (081-831-1000)

Section II. Understand Vital Body Functions

  1. 1-3. Respiration and Blood Circulation

  2. 1-4. Adverse Conditions

Chapter 2. Basic Measures for First Aid

Section I. Open the Airway and Restore Breathing

  1. 2-1. Breathing Process

  2. 2-2. Assessment (Evaluation) Phase (081-831-1000 and 081-831-1042)

  3. 2-3. Opening the Airway--Unconscious and Not Breathing Casualty (081-831-1042)

  4. 2-4. Rescue Breathing (Artificial Respiration)

  5. 2-5. Preliminary Steps--All Rescue Breathing Methods (081-831-1042)

  6. 2-6. Mouth-To-Mouth Method (081-831-1042)

  7. 2-7. Mouth-To-Nose Method

  8. 2-8. Heartbeat

  9. 2-12. Airway Obstructions

  10. 2-13. Opening the Obstructed Airway--Conscious Casualty (081-831-1003)

  11. 2-14. Open an Obstructed Airway--Casualty Lying or Unconscious (081-831-1042)

Section II. Stop the Bleeding and Protect the Wound

  1. 2-15. Clothing (081-831-1016)

  2. 2-16. Entrance and Exit Wounds

  3. 2-17. Field Dressing (081-831-1016)

  4. 2-18. Manual Pressure (081-831-1016)

  5. 2-19. Pressure Dressing (081-831-1016)

  6. 2-20. Tourniquet (081-831-1017)

Section III. Check and Treat for Shock

  1. 2-21. Causes and Effects

  2. 2-22. Signs/Symptoms (081-831-1000)

  3. 2-23. Treatment/Prevention (081-831-1005)

Chapter 3. First Aid for Special Wounds

Section I. Give Proper First Aid for Head Injuries

  1. 3-1. Head Injuries

  2. 3-2. Signs/Symptoms (081-831-1000)

  3. 3-3. General First Aid Measures (081-831-1000)

  4. 3-4. Dressings and Bandages

Section II. Give Proper First Aid for Face and Neck Injuries

  1. 3-5. Face Injuries

  2. 3-6. Neck Injuries

  3. 3-7. Procedure

  4. 3-8. Dressings and Bandages (081-831-1033)

Section III. Give Proper First Aid for Chest and Abdominal Wounds and Burn Injuries

  1. 3-9. Chest Wounds (081-831-1026)

  2. 3-10. Chest Wound(S) Procedure (081-831-1026)

  3. 3-11. Abdominal Wounds

  4. 3-12. Abdominal Wound(S) Procedure (081-831-1025)

  5. 3-13. Burn Injuries

  6. 3-14. First Aid for Burns (031-31-1007)

Section IV. Apply Proper Bandages to Upper and Lower Extremities

  1. 3-15. Shoulder Bandage

  2. 3-16. Elbow Bandage

  3. 3-17. Hand Bandage

  4. 3-18. Leg (Upper and Lower) Bandage

  5. 3-19. Knee Bandage

  6. 3-20. Foot Bandage

Chapter 4. First Aid for Fractures

  1. 4-1. Kinds of Fractures

  2. 4-2. Signs/Symptoms of Fractures (081-831-1000)

  3. 4-3. Purposes of Immobilizing Fractures

  4. 4-4. Splints, Padding, Bandages, Slings, and Swathes (081-831-1034)

  5. 4-5. Procedures for Splinting Suspected Fractures (081-831-1034)

  6. 4-6. Upper Extremity Fractures (081-831-1034)

  7. 4-7. Lower Extremity Fractures (081-831-1034)

  8. 4-8. Jaw, Collarbone, and Shoulder Fractures

  9. 4-9. Spinal Column Fractures (081-831-1000)

  10. 4-10. Neck Fractures (081-831-1000)

Chapter 5. First Aid for Climatic Injury

  1. 5-1. Heat Injuries

  2. 5-2. Cold Injuries

Chapter 6. First Aid for Bites and Stings

  1. 6-1. Types of Snakes

  2. 6-2. Snakebites

  3. 6-3. Human and Other Animal Bites

  4. 6-4. Marine (Sea) Animals

  5. 6-5. Insect Bites/Stings

  6. 6-6. Table

Chapter 7. First Aid In Toxic Environments

Section I. Individual Protection and First Aid Equipment for Toxic Substances

  1. 7-1. Toxic Substances

  2. 7-2. Protective and First Aid Equipment

Section II. Chemical-Biological Agents

  1. 7-3. Classification

  2. 7-4. Conditions for Masking Without Order Or Alarm

  3. 7-5. First Aid for A Chemical Attack (081-831-1030 And 081-831-1031)

Section III. Nerve Agents

  1. 7-6. Background Information

  2. 7-7. Signs/Symptoms Of Nerve Agent Poisoning (081-831-1030 And 081-831-1031)

  3. 7-8. First Aid for Nerve Agent Poisoning (081-831-1030)

Section IV. Other Agents

  1. 7-9. Blister Agents

  2. 7-10. Choking Agents (Lung-Damaging Agents)

  3. 7-11. Blood Agents

  4. 7-12. Incapacitating Agents

  5. 7-13. Incendiaries

  6. 7-14. First Aid for Biological Agents

  7. 7-15. Toxins

  8. 7-16. Radiological

Chapter 8. First Aid for Psychological Reactions

  1. 8-1. Explanation of Term "Psychological First Aid"

  2. 8-2. Importance of Psychological First Aid

  3. 8-3. Situations Requiring Psychological First Aid

  4. 8-4. Interrelation of Psychological and Physical First Aid

  5. 8-5. Goals of Psychological First Aid

  6. 8-6. Respect for Others' Feelings

  7. 8-7. Emotional and Physical Disability

  8. 8-8. Emotional Reaction to Injury

  9. 8-9. Emotional Reserve Strength of Distressed Soldiers

  10. 8-10. Battle Fatigue (and Other Combat Stress Reactions [Csr])

  11. 8-11. Reactions to Stress

  12. 8-12. Severe Stress or Battle Fatigue Reactions

  13. 8-13. Application of Psychological First Aid

  14. 8-14. Reactions and Limitations

  15. 8-15. Tables

Appendix A. First Aid Case and Kits, Dressings, and Bandages

  1. A-1. First Aid Case With Field Dressings and Bandages

  2. A-2. General Purpose First Aid Kits

  3. A-3. Contents of First Aid Case and Kits

  4. A-4. Dressings

  5. A-5. Standard Bandages

  6. A-6. Triangular and Cravat (Swathe) Bandages

Appendix B. Rescue and Transportation Procedures

  1. B-1. General

  2. B-2. Principles of Rescue Operations

  3. B-3. Task (Rescue) Identification

  4. B-4. Circumstances of the Rescue

  5. B-5. Plan of Action

  6. B-6. Mass Casualties

  7. B-7. Proper Handling of Casualties

  8. B-8. Transportation of Casualties

  9. B-9. Manual Carries (081-831-1040 and 081-831-1041)

  10. B-10. Improvised Litters (Figures B-15, B-16, And B-17) (081-831-1041)

Appendix C. Common Problems/Conditions

Section I. Health Maintenance

  1. C-1. General

  2. C-2. Personal Hygiene

  3. C-3. Diarrhea and Dysentery

  4. C-4. Dental Hygiene

  5. C-5. Drug (Substance) Abuse

  6. C-6. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Section II. First Aid for Common Problems

  1. C-7. Heat Rash (or Prickly Heat)

  2. C-8. Contact Poisoning (Skin Rashes)

  3. C-9. Care of the Feet

  4. C-10. Blisters

Appendix E. Digital Pressure

Appendix F. Decontamination Procedures

  1. F-1. Protective Measures and Handling of Casualties

  2. F-2. Personal Decontamination

  3. F-3. Casualty Decontamination

Appendix G. Skill Level 1 Tasks

Glossary

References

Authorization Letter

* This Publication Supersedes Fm 21-11, 7 October 1985.

 

 

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Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
Department of the Navy
2300 E Street NW
Washington, D.C
20372-5300

Operational Medicine
 Health Care in Military Settings
CAPT Michael John Hughey, MC, USNR
NAVMED P-5139
  January 1, 2001

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MacDill AFB, Florida
33621-5323

*This web version is provided by The Brookside Associates Medical Education Division.  It contains original contents from the official US Navy NAVMED P-5139, but has been reformatted for web access and includes advertising and links that were not present in the original version. This web version has not been approved by the Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense or the Brookside Associates. The Brookside Associates is a private organization, not affiliated with the United States Department of Defense.

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