The Appendix illustrates the procedures used by the surgeon and the actions taken by the scrub for a laparotomy, including the opening and closing of the peritoneal cavity.

a. The steps for opening and closing the peritoneal cavity are numbered, each beginning with Step 1.

b. Illustrations are not necessarily appropriate for each step and are so indicated.

c. Illustrations of items furnished by the scrub are shown the first time that the item is mentioned. Subsequently, reference is made to previous illustrations.