{"id":82,"date":"2015-12-08T21:19:37","date_gmt":"2015-12-08T21:19:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/?page_id=82"},"modified":"2016-12-21T15:48:42","modified_gmt":"2016-12-21T15:48:42","slug":"1-07-external-organs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/lessons\/lesson-1-the-reproductive-systems\/section-ii-the-male-reproductive-system\/1-07-external-organs\/","title":{"rendered":"1-07. EXTERNAL ORGANS"},"content":{"rendered":"

a. Penis<\/strong>. The penis is the male organ of copulation and urination.<\/p>\n

In the\u00a0reproduction process, the penis is used to introduce sperm into the vagina.<\/p>\n

(1) Glans<\/span>. The terminal, enlarged end of the penis is called the glans. (The\u00a0word glans means shaped like an acorn.) This portion of the penis is formed by that\u00a0part of the spongy body which extends beyond the cavernous bodies of the penis shaft.\u00a0The glans is highly innervated (tactile).<\/p>\n

(2) Shaft<\/span>. The shaft of the penis is made up of three cylindrical masses of\u00a0tissue bound together by fibrous tissue. The two back and side tissue masses are\u00a0called the corpora cavernosa penis. The smaller, third tissue mass is the corpus\u00a0spongiosum penis, located toward the middle of the shaft and containing spongy\u00a0urethra.<\/p>\n

(3) Erection<\/span>. These three tissue masses are erectile (capable of erection)\u00a0and contain blood sinuses (channels). When sexually stimulated, the arteries of the\u00a0penis dilate. Large quantities of blood enter the blood sinuses. Expansion of these\u00a0spaces compresses the veins, draining the penis and causing most blood entering to be\u00a0retained. An erection is caused by these vascular changes, the erection being a\u00a0parasympathetic reflex. When the arteries constrict and the pressure on the veins is\u00a0relieved, the penis returns to its flaccid (soft, limp) state.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

b. Scrotum<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

(1) Description\/information<\/span>. The scrotum is a two-layered sac that looks like\u00a0an outpouching of the abdomen.<\/p>\n

This sac encloses the testes and the lower part of the\u00a0spermatic cords. Externally, the scrotum looks as though it is divided into two portions\u00a0by a ridge (the raphe). Internally, the scrotum is divided into two sacs by a septum,\u00a0each sac containing a single testis. There are smooth muscles in the walls of the\u00a0scrotum.<\/p>\n

(2) Temperature regulation inside the scrotum<\/span>. The smooth muscles in the\u00a0scrotum walls regulate the temperature in the testes where sperm are produced and\u00a0stored.<\/p>\n

These smooth muscles contract when it is cold, bringing the testes closer to the\u00a0warmth of the body. When it is hot, these same muscles relax, moving the testes away\u00a0from the body to be cooler. For sperm to be produced and survive, the temperature in\u00a0the testes must be lower than the temperature of the body. Since the scrotum is outside\u00a0the body, its internal temperature can be kept lower than the internal temperature of the\u00a0body. The temperature inside the scrotum is about 3\u00a0degrees\u00a0F below body temperature.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

a. Penis. The penis is the male organ of copulation and urination. In the\u00a0reproduction process, the penis is used to introduce sperm into the vagina. (1) Glans. The terminal, enlarged end of the penis is called the glans. (The\u00a0word glans means shaped like an acorn.) This portion of the penis is formed by that\u00a0part of … Continue reading 1-07. EXTERNAL ORGANS<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":24,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-82","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=82"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":428,"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/82\/revisions\/428"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/brooksidepress.org\/ob-ped\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=82"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}