INSTRUCTIONS. Complete the following exercises by answering\u00a0the question\u00a0in the space\u00a0provided. After you have completed all the questions, scroll to the bottom of the page and check your answers.<\/p>\n
1. List four differences between infants\/children and adults.<\/p>\n
a. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
b. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
c. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
d. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
2. Complete these statements of points to consider when you are conducting a\u00a0physical examination of an infant or child.<\/p>\n
a. An infant (less than 6 months old) does not mind his clothes being removed\u00a0for a physical examination, but a child _________ old does not want to have\u00a0his clothes removed for a physical examination. In fact, this child does not\u00a0want to be touched.<\/p>\n
b. In what two age groups should the physical examination be conducted\u00a0toe-to-head rather than the usual head-to-toe sequence?<\/p>\n
_________________________<\/p>\n
_________________________<\/p>\n
c. A child ____________ of age should be left on his mother’s lap while you\u00a0examine him.<\/p>\n
d. An adolescent needs reassurance that, in spite of the current illness or\u00a0trauma, he is basically _________________.<\/p>\n
e. A child who is __________ old may be examined on a chair or a bed. He\u00a0likes to help out during the examination.<\/p>\n
3. List three general principles to remember in dealing with a child who is ill.<\/p>\n
a. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
b. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
c. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n
4. Match the definition in column II with the name of the pediatric emergency in\u00a0column I. Write the correct Roman number (I, II, etc.) on the appropriate line in\u00a0column I.<\/p>\n
| A ____ Status asthmaticus<\/p>\n B. ___ Croup<\/p>\n C. ___ Meningitis<\/p>\n D. ___ Seizures<\/p>\n E. ___ Anaphylactic shock<\/p>\n F. ___ Acute asthma<\/p>\n G. ___ Febrile convulsions<\/td>\n | \u00a0I. A condition caused by abnormal\u00a0discharging of a group or groups of\u00a0neurons in the brain.<\/p>\n II. A severe type of allergic reaction\u00a0sometimes caused by insect stings (bee\u00a0stings), inhaled substances (chemical\u00a0powders), and injected substances\u00a0(penicillin).<\/p>\n III. Fever-caused convulsions which\u00a0sometimes occur in a child up to six years\u00a0of age.<\/p>\n IV. A congestive pulmonary disease\u00a0characterized by attacks of wheezing and\u00a0difficulty in breathing.<\/p>\n V. An inflammation of the meninges of the\u00a0brain and\/or the spinal cord.<\/p>\n VI. A severe, prolonged asthma attack that\u00a0does not respond to conventional\u00a0methods of treatment.<\/p>\n VII. A common viral, sometimes bacterial\u00a0infection which causes obstruction in a\u00a0child’s upper airways. This condition\u00a0usually occurs at night after the child has\u00a0gone to bed. A whooping sound can be\u00a0heard when the child breathes in.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n 5. The illness in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed (swelling and turning a\u00a0“cherry-red” color) is ________________________.<\/p>\n 6. A child with a low grade fever, some respiratory distress such as wheezing, and\u00a0who is under the age of one year is likely to have ________________________.<\/p>\n 7. Sudden infant death syndrome may be defined as _____________________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n 8. Initial treatment for a child with croup includes:<\/p>\n a. Administering __________________________ by mask.<\/p>\n b. Initiating an IV of dextrose in water.<\/p>\n c. Placing the child in the ________________________________ position.<\/p>\n d. Transporting the child to _______________________________________<\/p>\n 9. A child is having a status asthmaticus attack. His pulse becomes ___________.\u00a0_____________________. His blood pressure ______________________.<\/p>\n 10. A child having an asthma attack may have used an over-the- counter\u00a0bronchodilator. If he has, he must not be given the medication _____________.\u00a0Taken after the use of an OCB, this medication can cause the child to have\u00a0severe circulatory disease or ___________________________________.<\/p>\n 11. It is very important for you to do a thorough neurological examination when you\u00a0are helping a child having seizures. The reason for this is ______________________________________________________.<\/p>\n 12. List four signs\/symptoms of epiglottitis.<\/p>\n a. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n b. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n c. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n d. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n 13. Follow this procedure when performing CPR on a child:<\/p>\n a. Establish an airway and stabilize the child’s _________________________.<\/p>\n b. Make sure the child is breathing and has a __________________________.<\/p>\n c. Control bleeding by using _____________________ rather than a tourniquet.<\/p>\n d. Treat the child for shock by keeping him ________________ (what position?)<\/p>\n e. Immobilize any neurological or musculoskeletal injuries, taking care not to\u00a0_______________________________________________________.<\/p>\n 14. When a child’s vital signs begin to change for the worse, the changes occur__________________. (slowly or rapidly?)<\/p>\n 15. In comparison to the same vital signs in adults, younger children have:<\/p>\n a. ______________________blood pressure than adults.\u00a0(Lower or Higher)<\/p>\n b. ______________________ pulse rates than adults.\u00a0(Lower or Higher)<\/p>\n c. ___________________ respiratory rates than adults.\u00a0(Lower or Higher)<\/p>\n 16. List four areas to check when you are performing a neurological assessment of a\u00a0child.<\/p>\n a. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n b. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n c. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n d. ________________________________________.<\/p>\n \n Check Your Answers<\/p>\n 1. You are correct if you listed any four of the following:<\/p>\n In proportion to their respective bodies, a child’s head is larger than an adult’s\u00a0head.<\/p>\n A baby’s temperature control mechanism is immature and unstable.<\/p>\n Children have smaller airways with more soft tissue and a narrowing at the cricoid\u00a0cartilage.<\/p>\n The tracheal opening and the esophagal openings of children are closer together\u00a0than the same openings in adults.<\/p>\n Children dehydrate easily.<\/p>\n Children have less blood than adults.<\/p>\n Children have faster heart rates than adults.<\/p>\n The extremities of children are likely to appear mottled because of an immature\u00a0temperature control rather than the result of poor circulation.<\/p>\n Children have more skin surface area in relation to body weight than adults.<\/p>\n A child has less muscle and fat mass than an adult.<\/p>\n A child’s abdominal organs are relatively larger than an adult’s.<\/p>\n A child’s diaphragm is lower than the diaphragm of an adult.\u00a0paras 3-2a through l)<\/p>\n 2. a. Two to three years.<\/p>\n b. Infants; two to three years of age.<\/p>\n c. 6 to 24 months.<\/p>\n d. Healthy.<\/p>\n e. Four to five years. (paras 3-4b(1) and (2), c(1)(a) and (b), c(1)(a)4., c(1)(b)3.,\u00a0para 3-4d(1), (3))<\/p>\n 3. Be calm, patient, and gentle.<\/p>\n Be honest. Never lie to a child patient.<\/p>\n Try not to separate the child from his parents. (paras 3-6a through c)<\/p>\n 4. A — VI<\/p>\n B — VII<\/p>\n C — V<\/p>\n D — I<\/p>\n E — II<\/p>\n F — IV<\/p>\n G — III<\/p>\n (paras 3-9, 3-10, 3-10a(3), a(6)(c ) NOTE, 3-12, 3-13, 3-15, 3-16, 3-17)<\/p>\n 5. Epiglottitis. (para 3-11)<\/p>\n 6. One year.<\/p>\n Bronchiolitis. (paras 3-14b(1) through (3))<\/p>\n 7. The sudden, unexplained death of an infant without any warning. (para 3-8a)<\/p>\n 8. a. Humidified oxygen.<\/p>\n b. (no answer required)<\/p>\n c. Most comfortable breathing.<\/p>\n d. A medical treatment facility. (paras 3-10b(1) through (4))<\/p>\n 9. His pulse becomes weaker and faster.<\/p>\n His blood pressure falls. (para 3-13b(3))<\/p>\n 10. Epinephrine.<\/p>\n Cardiac arrhythmias. (para 3-12b NOTE)<\/p>\n 11. The differences in the first and subsequent neurological examinations indicate the\u00a0direction of a child’s condition. (para 3-15b(4))<\/p>\n 12. Pain on swallowing.<\/p>\n Frequent drooling.<\/p>\n High fever, possibly.<\/p>\n Respiratory distress. (paras 3-11a(1) through (4))<\/p>\n 13. a. Spine.<\/p>\n b. Heart beat.<\/p>\n c. Pressure.<\/p>\n d. Flat.<\/p>\n e. Try to straighten out any obvious deformity. (paras 3-19a through e)<\/p>\n 14. The child’s condition deteriorates rapidly. (para 20a(4))<\/p>\n 15. a. Lower.<\/p>\n b. Higher.<\/p>\n c. Higher. (para 3-20b(1))<\/p>\n 16. You are correct if you listed any four of the following:<\/p>\n Level of consciousness.<\/p>\n Pupils of the eyes.<\/p>\n Physical assessment of the upper body.<\/p>\n Response to stimuli.<\/p>\n Movements of the extremities.<\/p>\n Fluid from ears. (paras 3-21a through f)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" INSTRUCTIONS. Complete the following exercises by answering\u00a0the question\u00a0in the space\u00a0provided. After you have completed all the questions, scroll to the bottom of the page and check your answers. 1. List four differences between infants\/children and adults. a. ________________________________________. b. ________________________________________. c. ________________________________________. d. ________________________________________. 2. Complete these statements of points to consider when you are … Continue reading Lesson 3. Self-Test<\/span> |