Catheterization is the procedure of introducing a catheter through the urethra into the urinary bladder. The procedure may be ordered by the physician for any of the following reasons:

a. To relieve distention of the bladder due to inability to void. Distention is caused by retention of urine. Retention can occur with cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), with paralysis, or following surgical procedures.

b. To obtain a sterile specimen of urine for laboratory analysis and culture.

c. To determine residual urine. (Residual urine is defined as that amount of urine remaining in the bladder after voiding.)

d. To provide continuous drainage of the bladder.

e. To irrigate or instill liquid medications into the bladder. Medications and fluids for irrigation are prescribed by the physician.