Epinephrine
(Adrenalin, Sus-Phrine) |
Category:
Description:
Indications:
Contraindications:
-
Cardiac
dysrhythmias, angle-closure glaucoma, local anesthetic of fingers and toes
-
General
anesthesia with halocarbons or cyclopropane, organic brain damage, labor,
coronary insufficiency
Precautions:
-
Pregnancy
category C; excreted in breast milk; use caution in nursing mothers
-
Elderly,
cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism
-
Psychotic
individuals, thyrotoxicosis, parkinsonism
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
-
CNS:
anxiety, dizziness, fear, headache, hemiplegia, subarachnoid hemorrhage,
tremor, weakness, restlessness
-
CV:
anginal pain, dysrhythmias, hypertension, palpitations
-
GI:
nausea, vomiting
-
GU:
urinary retention
-
RESP:
respiratory difficulty
-
SKIN:
hemorrhage at injection site, pallor, urticaria, wheal
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Dosage:
Administered
topically, intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, inhalation
-
Adult:
-
Bronchodilator:
-
IM/SC
(1:1000) 0.1-0.5mg every 12-15 minutes up to 4 hours
-
IV 0.1-0.25mg
(single dose max 1mg); SC susp (1:200) 0.5-1.5mg (0.1-0.3 ml)
-
NEB instill
8-15 drops into nebulizer reservoir, administer 1-3 inhalations 4-6 times
daily
-
MDI 1-2 puffs at 1st sign of bronchospasm
-
Cardiac arrest:
-
IV/intracardiac
0.1-1mg (1-10 ml of 1/10,000 dilution) every 3-5 minutes as needed
-
IV
intermediate dose 2-5mg every 3-5 minutes; escalating dose 1-3-5mg 3
minutes apart; high dose 0.1 mg/kg every 3-5 minutes
-
Intratracheal 1mg
every 3-5 minutes (higher doses, eg. 0.1 mg/kg, should be considered only
after 1mg doses have failed
-
Hypotension:
-
Anaphylactic reaction:
-
Glaucoma:
-
Nasal congestion:
-
Child:
-
Bronchodilator:
-
SC 10
mcg/kg (0.1 ml/kg of 1:1000), max single dose 0.5mg
-
Susp (1:200) 0.005
ml/kg/dose (0.025 mg/kg/dose) every 6 hours, max 0.15 ml (0.75mg) per dose
-
NEB 0.25-0.5 ml of 2.25% racemic epinephrine solution diluted in 3
ml NS every 1-4 hours
-
Cardiac arrest:
-
Refractory hypotension:
-
Anaphylactic reaction:
-
Nasal congestion:
-
Neonate:
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The information contained here is an
abbreviated summary. For more detailed and complete information, consult the
manufacturer's product information sheets or standard textbooks
Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health
Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington,
D.C., 20372-5300
This information is provided by The Brookside Associates. The Brookside
Associates, LLC. is a private organization, not affiliated with any governmental
agency. The opinions presented here are those of the author and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the Brookside Associates or the Department
of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute
an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense
or the Brookside Associates. All material presented here is unclassified.
C. 2009, 2014, All Rights Reserved
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