Vitamin K (Phytonadione,
Mephyton, AquaMephyton) |
Category:
Description:
Indications:
-
Vitamin
K deficiency
-
Coagulation
disorders (blood clotting factors)
-
Anticoagulant-induced
prothrombin deficiency
-
Prophylaxis
and treatment of hemorrhagic disease in newborn
-
Warfarin
overdose antidote
Contraindications:
Precautions:
-
Pregnancy
category C
-
Vitamin
K deficiency is
-
Patients
may develop hypervitaminosis K with excessive intravenous dosages. Symptoms of hypervitaminosis are “flushing sensations”,
taste changes and rarely, dizziness sweating and rapid and weak pulse.
-
Vitamin
K will NOT reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin.
-
Reversal
of coumarin class (warfarin) anticoagulation takes from 1-2 hours.
-
Vitamin
K is excreted into breast milk.
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
Relatively
non-toxic in therapeutic doses
Hyperbilirubinemia
in newborns, occurring at doses greater than recommended.
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Dosage:
-
Dietary
sources: pork, liver, green leafy vegetables (spinach, broccoli), GI
flora can produce from diet
-
Administered
in oral soft gelatin capsules or injection
-
Dietary
supplementation (RDA: recommended daily allowance):
-
Anticoagulant-induced
prothrombin deficiency: 2.5-10mg per day (up to 25mg initially)
-
Hemorrhagic
disease in newborn:
-
prophylaxis:
single IM dose 0.5-1mg within 1 hour of birth, may repeat in 2-3
weeks. Mother may
receive 1-5mg 12-24 hours before delivery. Oral doses of 2mg are adequate.
-
treatment:
1mg SQ or IM, in conjunction with proper laboratory testing of PT.
-
Hypoprothrombinemia
in adults:
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The information contained here is an
abbreviated summary. For more detailed and complete information, consult the
manufacturer's product information sheets or standard textbooks
Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health
Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington,
D.C., 20372-5300
This information is provided by The Brookside Associates. The Brookside
Associates, LLC. is a private organization, not affiliated with any governmental
agency. The opinions presented here are those of the author and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the Brookside Associates or the Department
of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute
an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense
or the Brookside Associates. All material presented here is unclassified.
C. 2009, 2014, All Rights Reserved
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