Potassium
Chloride Injection
Category:
Description:
Indications:
Contraindications:
-
Diseases
where high potassium levels may be encountered
-
Hyperkalemia,
renal failure, potassium retention conditions
Precautions:
-
Pregnancy
category C
-
Periodic
laboratory are necessary to monitor fluid, electrolyte and
acid-base balances
-
Guide
therapy via electrocardiograms, especially in digitalis patients
-
Serum
potassium levels not necessarily indicative of tissue potassium
levels
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
-
Fever,
infection at injection site, venous thrombosis
-
Extravasation,
phlebitis, hypervolemia, hyperkalemia
-
Nausea,
vomiting, abdominal pain
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Dosage:
Administered
intravenously ONLY
Potassium
Chloride for Injection Concentrate must be diluted before administration.
Care must be taken to ensure there is complete
mixing of the potassium chloride with the large volume fluid, particularly
if soft or bag type containers are used.
-
If
serum potassium level > 2.5 mEq/L, administer at a rate not to
exceed 10 mEq/hour in a concentration up to 40 mEq/L. Max dose 200 mEq/day.
-
If
serum potassium level < 2.0 mEq/L (urgent) with electrocardiograph
changes and/or muscle paralysis, potassium chloride may be
administered at a rate up to 40 mEq/hour. Continuous cardiac
monitoring is essential. Max
dose 400 mEq/day.
Signs
and Symptoms of Potassium Intoxication:
Intoxication
may include
-
paresthesias
of the extremities
-
areflexia,
muscular or respiratory paralysis
-
mental
confusion
-
weakness
-
hypotension
-
cardiac
arrhythmias
-
heart
block
-
electrocardiographic
abnormalities
-
cardiac
arrest.
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The information contained here is an
abbreviated summary. For more detailed and complete information, consult the
manufacturer's product information sheets or standard textbooks
Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health
Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington,
D.C., 20372-5300
This information is provided by The Brookside Associates. The Brookside
Associates, LLC. is a private organization, not affiliated with any governmental
agency. The opinions presented here are those of the author and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the Brookside Associates or the Department
of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute
an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense
or the Brookside Associates. All material presented here is unclassified.
C. 2009, 2014, All Rights Reserved
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