Isoniazid (INH) |
Category:
Description:
Indications:
Contraindications:
Precautions:
-
Pregnancy
category C; safe to use in pregnancy; safe to breast feed if infant
periodically examined for signs and symptoms of peripheral neuritis or
hepatitis
-
Active
chronic liver disease, severe renal dysfunction, malnutrition
-
Slow
acetylators, elderly, diabetes, alcoholics (increased risk of
peripheral neuropathy)
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
-
CNS:
fever, memory impairment, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, toxic
encephalopathy, toxic psychosis
-
EENT:
optic neuritis and atrophy
-
GI:
epigastric distress, hepatotoxicity, nausea, vomiting
-
HEME:
agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, hemolytic, sideroblastic, or aplastic
anemia; thrombocytopenia
-
METAB:
gynecomastia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, metabolic
acidosis, pellegra, pyridoxine deficiency
-
SKIN:
skin eruptions, vasculitis
-
MISC:
rheumatic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosis-like syndrome
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Dosage:
Administered
orally
-
Adult:
-
Treatment: PO 5 mg/kg/day (up to 300mg total) in a single dose; use in
conjunction with other effective antituberculosis agents; duration
of treatment 9 months to 2 years
-
Disseminated
disease: PO 10 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses
-
Prophylaxis: PO 300mg daily
-
Child:
-
Treatment: PO 10-20 mg/kg/day (up to 300mg total) in 1-2 divided doses
-
Prophylaxis: PO 10 mg/kg/day every day, not to exceed 300mg daily
Drug
interactions:
-
Disulfuram:
adverse mental changes and coordination problems
-
Acetaminophen,
carbamazepine, cycloserine, theophylline, valproic acid: increased
concentrations, possibly to toxic levels
-
Rifampin:
incresed hepatotoxicity of isonizid in some patients
-
Ethanol:
increased incidence of isoniazid-induced hepatitis in alcoholics
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The information contained here is an
abbreviated summary. For more detailed and complete information, consult the
manufacturer's product information sheets or standard textbooks
Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health
Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington,
D.C., 20372-5300
This information is provided by The Brookside Associates. The Brookside
Associates, LLC. is a private organization, not affiliated with any governmental
agency. The opinions presented here are those of the author and do not
necessarily represent the opinions of the Brookside Associates or the Department
of Defense. The presence of any advertising on these pages does not constitute
an endorsement of that product or service by either the US Department of Defense
or the Brookside Associates. All material presented here is unclassified.
C. 2009, 2014, All Rights Reserved
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