EXERCISES, LESSON 3
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following exercises by marking the lettered response that best answers the exercise, by completing the incomplete statement, or by writing the answer in the space provided at the end of the exercise. After you have completed all the exercises, turn to “Solutions to Exercises” at the end of the lesson and check your answers. For each exercise answered incorrectly, reread the material referenced with the solution.
1. What is the difference between the two major types of intravenous fluids?
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2. An example of a hydrating solution that contains no calories is:
a. Normal saline.
b. D5W.
c. D5RL.
d. IntralipidR.
3. If you can see suspended particles in an intravenous solution, you should:
a. Use a filter on the administration set.
b. Infuse at a slower rate.
c. Use a larger bore needle.
d. Discard the solution.
4. Scalp veins are often used as venipuncture sites for:
a. Elderly persons.
b. Women.
c. Infants.
d. Adult males.
5. The death of an intravenous therapy patient could easily result from:
a. Using peripheral catheters.
b. Using a small bore needle.
c. An Infiltration.
d. An air embolism.
6. The physician’s order states that 500 milliliters of D5W should be infused over a four-hour period. Your infusion set delivers fifteen drops per milliliter. You will set the drip rate for ____ drops per minute.
7. The nurse started the intravenous infusion hurriedly just before you arrived. When you walk in, he hands you the patient’s chart, telling you to check and possibly reset the drip rate while he administers medication. The administration set is giving ten drops per milliliter. The physician has ordered that the patient receive one thousand milliliters of the intravenous solution over a four-hour period. The drip rate is now set at thirty-five drops per milliliter. You should reset the drip rate to ____ drops per milliliter.
a. 42.
b. 65.
c. 24.
d. Leave the drip rate as now set.
8. Blood cells in a unit of blood will all be dead within:
a. 10 days.
b. 21 days.
c. 120 days.
d. 24 hours.
9. One major advantage of using Normal Human Serum Albumin is that it:
a. Draws fluid into the tissues from the blood vessels.
b. Does not require refrigeration.
c. Contains no water.
d. Contains many red blood cells.
10. Although a blood product is usually transfused through the larger veins, it can be administered through other routes.
a. True.
b. False.
11. An example of a donor transmitted disease transmitted from a blood transfusion is:
a. Hypothermia.
b. Immunoglobulin.
c. Rubeola.
d. Malaria.
12. Blood that is being transfused should be warmed if:
a. Massive amounts are being transfused at once.
b. The blood unit is cold.
c. Other solutions are being infused at the same time.
d. The patient needs only minor surgery.
13. The transfusion information on a patient’s record should be signed by:
a. The head nurse.
b. The physician.
c. The person who gives the transfusion.
d. The blood bank executive officer.
14. Common blood tests are performed mainly for the purpose of:
a. Diagnosing disease in the absence of a medical physician.
b. Determining a patient’s food allergies.
c. Determining a need for further testing.
d. Administering special drugs.
15. The needle for venipuncture should be inserted at an angle of:
a. 90 degrees.
b. 20 to 30 degrees.
c. 5 to 10 degrees.
d. 180 degrees.
16. When an intravenous infusion is discontinued, you should record:
a. Physician’s name, your name, and when you finished.
b. Why you stopped the infusion.
c. Amount infused, amount left, time finished, and problems.
d. When the infusion was started, how long it took, and the drip rate used.
17. Medication added to an intravenous container must be:
a. A non-irritating type.
b. Very cold.
c. Mixed thoroughly with the solution.
d. Added by the physician only.
18. If venipuncture is used for blood, the needle used must be:
a. 18 gauge or larger.
b. 20 gauge or smaller.
c. Blunt point.
d. A special type used only for blood.
19. The proper temperature for storage of whole blood units is:
a. One to six degrees Fahrenheit.
b. One to six degrees Celsius.
c. Six to twelve degrees Celsius.
d. Normal body temperature.
20. A venous cutdown might be indicated when the patient is:
a. Very fat.
b. Very thin.
c. An athlete.
d. Somewhat nervous.
21. A venous cutdown requires the use of a:
a. Blood testing set.
b. Scalpel.
c. Very sharp needle.
d. Magnified scope.
22. A venous cutdown done by a physician is considered:
a. Clean, but not sterile.
b. Drug dependent.
c. Major surgery.
d. Minor surgery.
23. Suggested sites for a venous cutdown include:
a. Above and below the elbow.
b. The groin area.
c. Under the armpit.
d. The buttocks.
24. A local anesthetic is injected for a venous cutdown to:
a. Deaden feeling at incision site.
b. Sterilize the open wound.
c. Deaden feeling in the vein.
d. Apply the antibiotic ointment.
25. During a venous cutdown, the vein is tied off:
a. Above the vein incision.
b. Below the vein incision.
c. Above and below the vein incision site.
d. Using a hemostat.
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 3
1. The infusion solution arrives ready to use from the manufacturer while the admixture has certain drugs added for the patient by the Pharmacy Sterile Products Section. (paras 3-2a and 3-2b)
2. a (para 3-4b(2))
3. d (para 3-7c)
4. c (para 3-9b(5))
5. d (para 3-11e)
6. 31 (7500 divided by 240) (paras 3-13, 3-14)
7. a (10,000 divided by 240) (paras 3-13, 3-14)
8. c (para 3-15)
9. b (para 3-16c(1))
10. a (para 3-17)
11. d (para 3-19b(3))
12. a (para 3-20d)
13. c (para 3-20e(6))
14. c (para 3-21)
15. b (para 3-24i)
16. c (para 3-25b(9))
17. c (para 3-23a(3))
18. a (para 3-26b)
19. b (para 3-26d)
20. b (para 3-28)
21. b (para 3-29a(2))
22. d (para 3-27)
23. a (para 3-29b)
24. a (para 3-29c(5))
25. c (para 3-29c(8))