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Lactic Acid
Dehydrogenase (LDH, LD)
LDH Isoenzymes
LDH is an enzyme found within the cells of:
- Heart
- Liver
- Skeletal Muscle
- Kidney
- Brain
- Lung
Whenever these structures are injured, either through trauma or disease,
LDH can be released into the blood.
Elevations found in:
- Any traumatic injury to any of these structures.
- Any disease affecting one of these structures.
- Acute myocardial infarction (2-10X normal)
- Pulmonary Infarction (2-4X normal)
- Liver disease
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Cancer
- Hemorrhagic shock
- Hemolysis
- Hypothyroidism
- Once elevated, the LDH remains elevated for up to 2 weeks days, if the
injury is acute.
- If there is on-going injury, the LDH will remain elevated
indefinitely.
LDH Isoenzymes
These five isoenzymes (LD1, LD2, LD3, LD4, and LD5) are found in somewhat
different concentrations in different tissues. Some patterns of elevations
have been observed:
- LD1 and LD2 are elevated in acute MI, hemolysis and renal infarction.
- Sometimes only LD1 is elevated in acute MI
- When LD1 > LD2, this is strong suggestive evidence of an acute MI
- LD3 elevates with pneumonia and pulmonary infarction
- LD5 elevates in some cancers and liver disease
- A frequent elevation of LDH in patients with malignancy is in LD2, LD3
and LD4.
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Normal Values of LDH*
| Men |
95-200 U/L |
|
Women |
200-450 U/L |
| Pregnancy |
200-450 U/L |
Normal Values of LDH Isoenzymes*
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% of Total |
|
LD1 |
14-26 |
| LD2 |
29-39 |
| LD3 |
20-26 |
| LD4 |
8-16 |
| LD5 |
6-16 |
*These are general values taken from a variety of
sources. The actual normal values may vary from lab to lab and from one
type of testing protocol to another.
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Approved for public release;
Distribution is unlimited.
The listing of any non-Federal product in this CD is not an endorsement of the
product itself, but simply an acknowledgement of the source.
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery
Department of the Navy
2300 E Street NW
Washington, D.C
20372-5300 |
Operational Medicine
Health Care in Military Settings
CAPT Michael John Hughey, MC, USNR
NAVMED P-5139
January 1, 2001 |
United States Special Operations
Command
7701 Tampa Point Blvd.
MacDill AFB, Florida
33621-5323 |
*This web version is provided by
The Brookside Associates Medical Education Division. It contains
original contents from the official US Navy NAVMED P-5139, but has been
reformatted for web access and includes advertising and links that were not
present in the original version. This web version has not been approved by the
Department of the Navy or the Department of Defense. The presence of any
advertising on these pages does not constitute an endorsement of that product or
service by either the US Department of Defense or the Brookside Associates. The
Brookside Associates is a private organization, not affiliated with the United
States Department of Defense.
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Operational Medicine 2001
Contents
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