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INSTRUCTIONS. Answer the following exercises by writing the answer in the space provided. After you have completed all of these items, turn to "Solutions to Exercises" at the end of the lesson and check your answers.
1. When is an intramuscular injection administered? What is the maximum volume of
the medication?
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2. What are the steps in preparing the patients for injections prior to administering an
injection?
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3. What are the areas on the body where intramuscular injections are given?
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4. How does one identify the injection site in the buttocks area?
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5. What is the length of the needle used for an intramuscular injection in the buttocks?
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6. What is the position in which the patient is normally placed for an intramuscular injection in the buttocks?
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7. What are the steps in inserting a needle into the patient when administering an intramuscular injection?
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8. How does one aspirate the syringe?
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9. What does one do if blood appears in the syringe during aspiration?
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10. How does one inject the (IM) medication into the patient?
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11. How does one withdraw the needle from an intramuscular injection?
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12. What should you look for after giving an intramuscular injection?
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13. When does one administer a subcutaneous injection?
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14. What are the injection sites for the subcutaneous injection?
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15. What are the steps in administering a subcutaneous injection after you have selected the injection site?
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16. What needle is selected for the subcutaneous injection?
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17. When is an intradermal injection used?
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18. What injection sites are used for the intradermal injection?
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19. What step is performed in an intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, but is not necessary when administering an intradermal injection?
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20. How does one insert the needle when administering an intradermal injection?
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Check Your Answers
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES. LESSON 2
1. When fairly rapid and long-lasting dosage of medication is required. 5 ml. (para 2-2)
2. Ask patient about allergies. Provide privacy. Explain procedures. (para 2-3h)
3. Buttocks, lateral thigh, upper arm. (para 2-3i)
4. Draw an imaginary line across the buttocks from hip bone to hip bone.
Divide each buttock in half with an imaginary vertical line.
Select the upper outer quadrant. (para 2-3i(1)(b))
5. Not over 1-1/2 inches, usually 1-1/4 inches. (para 2-3i(1)(e))
6. Lying face down, toes together, and heels apart. (para 2-3i (1)(g))
7. Hold the barrel of syringe firmly between the thumb and index finger of the dominant hand.
Move the needle tip to about one-half inch from the injection site with the bevel up and position the needle at a 90 degree angle to the skin surface.
Plunge the needle firmly and quickly into the muscle to the depth of the needle with a steady straight forward motion. (para 2-3m)
8. Release hold on skin.
Move the free hand to plunger.
Pull back plunger until slight resistance is felt.
Check for blood entering syringe. (para 2-3n)
9. Withdraw needle at a 90o angle.
Dispose of needle and syringe.
Obtain another needle and syringe.
Tell patient that you must give a second injection.
Select new injection site.
Start the injection procedure over. (para 2-3n(4))
10. Place thumb on the plunger and index and middle fingers under hook of syringe barrel.
Push plunger into syringe barrel with a slow, continuous downward movement as far as the plunger will go. (para 2-3o)
11. Place an alcohol pad over the injection site and apply pressure.
Remove the needle straight out at a 90 o angle with a quick outward motion. (para 2-3p)
12. Observe the patient for unusual reactions such as signs of breathing difficulties and shock. (para 2-3s(1))
13. When the reaction time desired is faster than can be obtained when medication is given by mouth, but slower than oral medication or IM injection methods yield. (para 2-4a)
14. Outer aspect of upper arm and outer aspect of upper leg. (para 2-5b(1), (2))
15. Clean injection site.
Remove needle guard.
Pinch up tissue at injection site.
Quickly insert needle at 45˜ angle with bevel up.
Release skin.
Aspirate syringe.
Inject medication.
Remove needle.
Massage site.
Replace needle guard.
Place an adhesive bandage over injection site.
Perform postinjection patient care.
Dispose of expended needle and syringe.
Record injection. (para 2-5c through l)
16. Needle length used is 1/2 to 7/8 inch length (23 to 25 gauge). (para 2-5b(1)(a))
17. When a small amount of fluid is to be injected into the dermal layer of the skin.
Used for various skin tests, tuberculosis test. (para 2-6)
18. Inner forearm. Subscapular region of the back. (para 2-7b (1))
19. Aspirating the syringe. (para 2-7g)
20. Using your dominant hand, hold syringe, bevel up, with fingers and thumb resting on the sides of the barrel.
Insert needle just under the skin at an angle of 15 o until the bevel is covered. (para 2-7f)
End of Lesson 2
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